{"id":5847,"date":"2012-11-09T09:00:42","date_gmt":"2012-11-09T07:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/?p=5847"},"modified":"2013-03-19T12:41:14","modified_gmt":"2013-03-19T10:41:14","slug":"ucebnice-matematika-desetinna-cisla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/nove-tituly\/ucebnice-matematika-desetinna-cisla\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e1 u\u010debnice Matematika &#8211; Desetinn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><div class=\"inventory\" data-filter=\"false\" data-next=\"false\" data-cart=\"false\" data-ids=\"978, 979, 980, 995\"><div class=\"inventory-list\"><div class=\"dummy\"><\/div><div class=\"dummy\"><\/div><div class=\"dummy\"><\/div><div class=\"dummy\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Tyto u\u010debnice a&nbsp;pracovn\u00ed se\u0161ity lze i&nbsp;po&nbsp;zm\u011bn\u011b RVP ZV pou\u017e\u00edt pro v\u00fduku parti\u00ed zlomky a&nbsp;desetinn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla za\u0159azen\u00e9 do 1.&nbsp;stupn\u011b Z\u0160. Lze je pou\u017e\u00edt k&nbsp;dopln\u011bn\u00ed jak\u00fdchkoliv u\u010debnic, aby byl spln\u011bn po\u017eadavek na zm\u011bnu \u0160VP.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Nov\u00e1 u\u010debnice Desetinn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla m\u00e1 ud\u011blenu <strong>schvalovac\u00ed dolo\u017eku M\u0160MT<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span> <\/span><strong>Jednotliv\u00e9 u\u010debnice m\u016f\u017eete za\u0159adit individu\u00e1ln\u011b podle \u0160VP<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">U\u010divo matematiky cel\u00e9ho 2.&nbsp;stupn\u011b Z\u0160 nen\u00ed d\u011bleno klasicky do jednotliv\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, ale je rozd\u011bleno tematicky do <strong>16 u\u010debnic<\/strong>. N\u00e1pl\u0148 ka\u017ed\u00e9 u\u010debnice p\u0159esn\u011b vych\u00e1z\u00ed z&nbsp;RVP ZV. Rozd\u011blen\u00ed l\u00e1tky do samostatn\u00fdch tematick\u00fdch celk\u016f vych\u00e1z\u00ed vst\u0159\u00edc pot\u0159eb\u00e1m \u0161kol \u2013 je tak mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159adit l\u00e1tku individu\u00e1ln\u011b podle \u0160VP, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 \u0161kola zpracov\u00e1n. V&nbsp;navr\u017een\u00e9m po\u0159ad\u00ed (viz n\u00ed\u017ee) je po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1no se \u010dty\u0159mi t\u00e9maty pro ka\u017ed\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00edk.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span> <\/span><strong>Pro ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u00e9ma bude p\u0159ipravena u\u010debnice a&nbsp;pracovn\u00ed se\u0161it<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span>V u\u010debnici je l\u00e1tka vysv\u011btlena, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e hlavn\u00ed d\u016fraz je soustavn\u011b kladen na jednoduchost v\u00fdkladu a&nbsp;na bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed prov\u00e1zanost s&nbsp;praktick\u00fdm vyu\u017eit\u00edm pr\u00e1v\u011b prob\u00edran\u00e9ho matematick\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu. U\u010debnice obsahuje dostatek vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fdch n\u00e1vodn\u00fdch \u00faloh k&nbsp;podchycen\u00ed v\u0161ech jev\u016f a&nbsp;\u00falohy na procvi\u010den\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span>U\u010debnice p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 a&nbsp;vysv\u011btluje l\u00e1tku, pracovn\u00ed se\u0161it slou\u017e\u00ed k&nbsp;procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e1tky a&nbsp;jako banka dal\u0161\u00edch \u00faloh. T\u00edm je zabezpe\u010deno, \u017ee u\u010debnice spolu s&nbsp;pracovn\u00edm se\u0161item jsou dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00edmi podklady pro veden\u00ed v\u00fduky. Nen\u00ed t\u0159eba dopl\u0148ovat dal\u0161\u00edmi sb\u00edrkami \u00faloh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span>\u0158azen\u00ed kapitol v\u00a0u\u010debnici a&nbsp;pracovn\u00edm se\u0161it\u011b je pochopiteln\u011b identick\u00e9, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se soub\u011b\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce s&nbsp;u\u010debnic\u00ed i&nbsp;pracovn\u00edm se\u0161item. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><strong><span>Koncepce u\u010debnice<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span>U\u010debnice je rozd\u011blena do kapitol, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 celky l\u00e1tky. Ka\u017ed\u00fd celek l\u00e1tky je koncipov\u00e1n nejv\u00fd\u0161e na 3 vyu\u010dovac\u00ed hodiny. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/m-ucebnice.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-5866\" title=\"m-ucebnice\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/m-ucebnice-580x525.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/m-ucebnice-580x525.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/m-ucebnice-600x543.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/m-ucebnice.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span>Hlavn\u00ed snahou je l\u00e1tku p\u0159edkl\u00e1dat \u010dtivou formou s&nbsp;d\u016frazem na p\u0159\u00edmo\u010dar\u00e9 souvislosti s&nbsp;prax\u00ed a&nbsp;s&nbsp;d\u0159\u00edve prob\u00edranou l\u00e1tkou. V&nbsp;u\u010debnici je pou\u017eito n\u011bkolik jednoduch\u00fdch typ\u016f text\u016f a&nbsp;ozna\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed napomoci orientaci. Jde o:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Motiva\u010dn\u00ed texty<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 pr\u00e1v\u011b prob\u00edranou l\u00e1tku uvozuj\u00ed a&nbsp;propojuj\u00ed s&nbsp;prax\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Texty odkazuj\u00edc\u00ed na d\u0159\u00edve probranou l\u00e1tku<\/strong>, kde jsou zd\u016fraz\u0148ov\u00e1ny n\u00e1vaznosti a&nbsp;podobnosti s&nbsp;novou l\u00e1tkou.<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Texty vysv\u011btluj\u00edc\u00ed novou l\u00e1tku<\/strong>, kde je nov\u00e1 l\u00e1tka p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1na a&nbsp;komentov\u00e1na. Tyto texty jsou sestavov\u00e1ny tak, aby byly na jednu stranu \u010dtiv\u00e9 a&nbsp;pochopiteln\u00e9 soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9mu \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i bez p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 pomoci, na druhou stranu pojat\u00e9 co nejstru\u010dn\u011bji a&nbsp;s&nbsp;vyu\u017eit\u00edm velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed vysv\u011btluj\u00edc\u00edch obr\u00e1zk\u016f a&nbsp;dal\u0161\u00edch grafick\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>\u00dakoly k&nbsp;zamy\u0161len\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 jde o&nbsp;jednoduch\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed umo\u017enit u\u010ditel\u016fm motivovat \u017e\u00e1ky k&nbsp;p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed a&nbsp;zejm\u00e9na k&nbsp;hled\u00e1n\u00ed souvislost\u00ed prob\u00edran\u00e9 t\u00e9matiky s&nbsp;prax\u00ed. Mohou poslou\u017eit jako n\u00e1m\u011bt k&nbsp;diskuz\u00edm v&nbsp;hodin\u00e1ch \u010di&nbsp;k&nbsp;samostatn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci \u017e\u00e1k\u016f doma.<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; \u201e<strong>Pou\u010dky<\/strong>\u201c \u2013 zde jde o&nbsp;p\u0159esn\u00e9 formulace nov\u00fdch pojm\u016f (definice), tvrzen\u00ed (matematick\u00e9 v\u011bty) a&nbsp;postup\u016f. Jakkoli jde o&nbsp;p\u0159esn\u00e9 formulace, je neust\u00e1le br\u00e1n v&nbsp;\u00favahu v\u011bk \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Nav\u00edc, aby byl v&nbsp;maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n formalismus ve v\u00fduce matematiky, jsou \u201epou\u010dky\u201c v\u017edy d\u00e1v\u00e1ny do kontextu s&nbsp;vysv\u011btlen\u00edm a&nbsp;zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm.<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>\u0158e\u0161en\u00e9 \u00falohy<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 jsou za\u0159azov\u00e1ny pro ilustraci pr\u00e1v\u011b prob\u00edran\u00e9ho u\u010diva, mnohdy za\u0159azovan\u00e9 formou hled\u00e1n\u00ed a&nbsp;zd\u016fvod\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb v&nbsp;p\u0159edkl\u00e1dan\u00fdch \u201e\u017e\u00e1kovsk\u00fdch\u201c \u0159e\u0161en\u00edch, pop\u0159.&nbsp;\u00falohy, kde je p\u0159edlo\u017eeno v\u00edce mo\u017en\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. D\u016fraz je v\u017edy kladen na vysv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Shrnut\u00ed kapitoly<\/strong> \u2013 na z\u00e1v\u011br kapitoly (p\u0159ed \u00falohami) je shrnuto, co bylo p\u0159edm\u011btem kapitoly.<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>\u00dalohy k&nbsp;procvi\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 na konec ka\u017ed\u00e9 kapitoly je uvedeno n\u011bkolik z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u00faloh, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed l\u00e1tky v&nbsp;kapitole.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span>Takto koncipovan\u00fd text u\u010debnice d\u00e1v\u00e1 u\u010ditel\u016fm dostatek materi\u00e1lu, aby mohli p\u0159irozen\u011b st\u0159\u00eddat \u010dinnosti v&nbsp;hodin\u00e1ch \u2013 diskutovat, zd\u016fvod\u0148ovat, vysv\u011btlovat, procvi\u010dovat \u010di&nbsp;hledat odpov\u011bdi na v\u00edce \u010di&nbsp;m\u00e9n\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 u\u010ditel\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uje efektivn\u011b u\u010divo sumarizovat a&nbsp;zp\u0159ehled\u0148ovat \u2013 p\u0159i&nbsp;opakov\u00e1n\u00ed je nap\u0159.&nbsp;mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvat shrnut\u00ed nebo \u201epou\u010dky\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-22-desetinna-cisla.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-5868\" title=\"6-22-desetinna-cisla\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-22-desetinna-cisla-580x412.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-22-desetinna-cisla-580x412.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-22-desetinna-cisla-600x426.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-22-desetinna-cisla.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Doporu\u010deno pro 6.&nbsp;ro\u010dn\u00edk:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Za\u0159azen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch titul\u016f do ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f je pouze doporu\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Desetinn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla <\/strong>\u2013 \u00a0mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eZ\u00e1klady geometrie\u201c a&nbsp;\u201eKladn\u00e1 a&nbsp;z\u00e1porn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla\u201c<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Kladn\u00e1 a&nbsp;z\u00e1porn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla <\/strong>\u2013 mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eZlomky, pom\u011br\u201c<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>D\u011blitelnost<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Z\u00e1klady geometrie<\/strong> \u2013 \u00a0mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eShodnost geometrick\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f, soum\u011brnosti\u201c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><strong><span>Doporu\u010deno pro 7.&nbsp;ro\u010dn\u00edk:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Shodnost geometrick\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f, soum\u011brnosti <\/strong>\u2013 \u00a0mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eRovinn\u00e9 \u00fatvary\u201c<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Zlomky, pom\u011br<\/strong> \u2013 mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eProcenta, troj\u010dlenka\u201c<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Procenta, troj\u010dlenka<\/strong> \u2013 \u00a0mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eRovinn\u00e9 \u00fatvary\u201c a&nbsp;\u201eFinan\u010dn\u00ed matematika\u201c<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Rovinn\u00e9 \u00fatvary<\/strong> \u2013 \u00a0mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eHranoly a&nbsp;v\u00e1lce\u201c, \u201eV\u00fdrazy a&nbsp;rovnice 1\u201c\u00a0a \u201eKonstruk\u010dn\u00ed \u00falohy\u201c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><strong><span>Doporu\u010deno pro 8.&nbsp;ro\u010dn\u00edk:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Hranoly a&nbsp;v\u00e1lce <\/strong>\u2013 mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eJehlany, ku\u017eely a&nbsp;koule\u201c<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>V\u00fdrazy a&nbsp;rovnice 1<\/strong> \u2013 mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eV\u00fdrazy a&nbsp;rovnice 2\u201c<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Konstruk\u010dn\u00ed \u00falohy<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Finan\u010dn\u00ed matematika<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><strong><span>Doporu\u010deno pro 9.&nbsp;ro\u010dn\u00edk:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<ul>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>V\u00fdrazy a&nbsp;rovnice 2<\/strong> \u2013 mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201e\u00dam\u011brnosti a&nbsp;funkce\u201c<\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>\u00dam\u011brnosti a&nbsp;funkce<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>&#8211; <strong>Podobnost a&nbsp;funkce \u00fahlu<\/strong> \u2013 mus\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet u\u010debnici \u201eJehlany, ku\u017eely a&nbsp;koule\u201c<\/li>\n<li>&#8211;<strong> Jehlany, ku\u017eely a&nbsp;koule<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8211;\tm\u00e1 ud\u011blenu schvalovac\u00ed dolo\u017eku M\u0160MT<br \/>\n&#8211;\tjednotliv\u00e9 u\u010debnice m\u016f\u017eete \u0159adit individu\u00e1ln\u011b podle \u0160VP<br \/>\n&#8211;\tji\u017e vyd\u00e1n i&nbsp;pracovn\u00ed se\u0161it Desetinn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla<br \/>\n&#8211;\tobsahuje motiva\u010dn\u00ed texty, \u00fakoly k&nbsp;zamy\u0161len\u00ed, \u0159e\u0161en\u00e9 \u00falohy, shrnut\u00ed kapitoly, \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<br \/>\n&#8211;\tsrozumiteln\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy kapitol pro \u017e\u00e1ky<br \/>\n&#8211;\tkl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova p\u0159elo\u017eena do anglick\u00e9ho a&nbsp;n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho jazyka<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nove-tituly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5847","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5847"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5847\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5854,"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5847\/revisions\/5854"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5847"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5847"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nns.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}